What are Ulcers?
There are three type of ulcers that can occur in the stomach which are peptic, gastric, and duodenal.
Peptic Ulcers are caused from the imbalances of pepsin(digestive enzymes in the stomach that helps break down food) and acid. This happens to the mucous membranes or deeper structures of the gastrointestinal tract(includes the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, colon, anus, and rectum).
Gastric Ulcers are in the lower part of the stomach. They occur from a bacterial infection known as H.Pylori. This bacterium is in a spiral form that penetrates the stomach protective mucous layer. The H.Pylori is located beneath the mucous layer duodenal ulcers next to the stomach.
Duodenal Ulcers are a group of disorders that have excessive release of a hormone that will encourage secretion acid called gastrin.
Clinical Manifestations
Excess of gastric acid
Decrease in the natural ability of the gastrointestinal mucosa
Protect itself from acid and pepsin
Infection with H.Pylori (spiral form that penetrates the stomach's mucous
lining)
Gastric injury from aspirin or corticosteroids which are an anti-inflammatory agent that is a part of a group of natural and
synthetic analogues of the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland.
Vomiting blood
Black, foul smelling stool that contains blood
Decrease in the natural ability of the gastrointestinal mucosa
Protect itself from acid and pepsin
Infection with H.Pylori (spiral form that penetrates the stomach's mucous
lining)
Gastric injury from aspirin or corticosteroids which are an anti-inflammatory agent that is a part of a group of natural and
synthetic analogues of the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland.
Vomiting blood
Black, foul smelling stool that contains blood
Some Factors of ulcers
Smoking
Caffeine- stimulates the secretion of acid
Alcohol
Stress- increases the ulcer pain
Physical Stress- injuries can increase risk of bleeding for ulcers
Acid and Pepsin
H.Pylori- weakens the stomach mucous layer
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)- make stomach vulnerable to the harmful effects of acid and pepsin
Caffeine- stimulates the secretion of acid
Alcohol
Stress- increases the ulcer pain
Physical Stress- injuries can increase risk of bleeding for ulcers
Acid and Pepsin
H.Pylori- weakens the stomach mucous layer
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)- make stomach vulnerable to the harmful effects of acid and pepsin